THE TEA | July 2024
Understanding Uterine Fibroids: A Guide to Diagnosis and Treatment
Megan Chang, MD
Hi there, I’m Dr. Megan Chang, and I’m thrilled to be part of the incredible team at Baptist Health. I was born and raised in Jacksonville, Arkansas, so my Arkansas roots run deep. After studying at the University of Arkansas and completing my medical training and residency in Diagnostic Radiology at UAMS, I found my calling in Interventional Radiology—a field that combines diagnostic precision with hands-on patient care.
Today, I want to talk about a topic that affects many women but is often misunderstood: uterine fibroids. These benign, noncancerous tumors are incredibly common, with up to 66% of women developing them by age 50. Some women might never know they have fibroids, while others experience significant symptoms. Let’s dive into what you need to know.
What Are Uterine Fibroids?
Uterine fibroids are benign tumors that develop from the muscle tissue of the uterus. They vary in size and location, which can influence the symptoms they cause. Some common symptoms include heavy menstrual bleeding, prolonged periods, and pelvic pain. In some cases, fibroids can cause abdominal distension, pressure on the bladder or bowel, and even fertility issues.
Diagnosing Uterine Fibroids
Diagnosis of uterine fibroids typically begins with a pelvic exam and is often confirmed with imaging studies such as an MRI or pelvic ultrasound. There are different parts of the uterus where fibroids can develop. If you are experiencing symptoms or have concerns, it’s crucial to consult with your healthcare provider. Here are the most common types of fibroids based on their location:
- Intramural Fibroids: These grow within the muscular wall of the uterus.
- Submucosal Fibroids: These protrude into the uterine cavity.
- Subserosal Fibroids: These form on the outside of the uterus.
Common Treatment Options for Uterine Fibroids
There are different treatment options for fibroids depending on several factors. If your fibroids aren’t causing symptoms, they don’t require treatment as they’re benign. There are many treatment options for symptomatic fibroids depending on several factors. Most of these factors include the size, number, and location of the fibroid(s); your symptoms, age, and desire for future pregnancies. Here are some common treatment options:
- Watchful Waiting: If you’re not experiencing significant symptoms and are nearing menopause, fibroids may shrink on their own without treatment.
- Medical Management: Medications can help control bleeding and pain, though they might not be effective for everyone.
- Myomectomy: This surgical procedure removes fibroids while preserving the uterus, making it a good option for women who wish to maintain fertility.
- Hysterectomy: This is the complete removal of the uterus and is the most definitive treatment, eliminating fibroids permanently.
Uterine Fibroid Embolization (UFE): This is a minimally invasive procedure that blocks blood flow to the fibroids, causing them to shrink.
Understanding Uterine Fibroid Embolization (UFE)
UFE (Uterine Fibroid Embolization) is a uterine-sparing procedure performed under moderate sedation. During the procedure, a small catheter is inserted into a blood vessel in your groin, and tiny particles are injected to block the fibroid’s blood supply. This causes the fibroids to shrink over time. After the procedure, most patients go home the same day and can return to work relatively quickly. Significant symptom relief can be expected within 2-3 months.
Most women with symptomatic fibroids are candidates for UFE. However, younger women who have many years before menopause may require a re-intervention in the future. Additionally, certain types and locations of fibroids may not be suitable for UFE. Like any medical procedure, UFE carries risks like bleeding, vessel injury, and infection. If you desire future fertility, it’s crucial to have a detailed discussion with your doctor, as the impact on fertility after UFE is still being studied. For more detailed information, visit ASK4UFE.COM, a valuable resource that can help you find interventional radiologists and get the care you need.
Consulting with your healthcare provider about your specific case will help determine your best treatment option.
The Importance of Routine Mental Health Screening
Proactive mental health screening should be a standard practice during prenatal visits, as routine as physical health checks. This early screening allows us to identify and address potential issues before they escalate, promoting open, judgment-free conversations that can improve maternal well-being. Approaching each mother’s situation and understanding cultural sensitivities ensures that our care respects diverse backgrounds and perspectives. Additionally, the advent of telehealth has made mental health resources even more accessible, helping mothers who might be struggling with anxiety or depression from the comfort of their homes.
Whether you’re expecting or have recently become a mother, remember that your mental health is just as important as your physical health. It’s important to find a healthcare partner who prioritizes mental health during pregnancy and makes it a regular part of health discussions, just like monitoring blood pressure or managing diabetes. I encourage anyone seeking more information to reach out—you’re not alone in this journey. Together, we can ensure that every mother receives the support and care she needs through her journey into motherhood.
Taking the Next Step
If you’re experiencing symptoms or have been diagnosed with fibroids, don’t hesitate to reach out to your healthcare provider. Thank you for taking the time to read this blog. Remember, your health is your wealth—never hesitate to seek the information and care you deserve.
Warm regards,
Dr. Megan Chang, MD
Megan Marie Chang, MD is a highly qualified interventional radiologist practicing in Little Rock, Arkansas. She received her medical degree from the prestigious University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences. Dr. Chang specializes in diagnostic radiology at Baptist Health, a leading healthcare facility in the state. With her extensive knowledge and experience, Dr. Chang provides exceptional, hands-on care to her patients.